初三定语从句
定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词引导的从句，因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，下面是小编为大家整理的初三定语从句，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
初三定语从句1
1、定语的定义
定语是用来修饰或限定名词的。定语一般位于被修饰名词的周围，在名词前面或名词后面。被修饰的词有时也叫先行词。定语可以是词，短语或句子。
2、定语的位置
当定语是词时通常是形容词，放在所修饰名词的前面。
如“一本有趣的书” an interesting book.
当定语是短语时通常用介词短语，放在所修饰名词的后面。
如 “教室里的学生” the students in the classroom.
当定语是一个句子时，通常位于句子的后面，这个句子就叫定语从句。
如：I have a book which is interesting. 对比 I have an interesting book.
3、定语从句中的关系代词的用法
常见的关系代词：which / who / whom / that / whose
1.当先行词为人时，可用关系代词who / whom / that / whose
如：
He is the manwho thathelped me yesterday.(作主语）
He is the manwhomwho hat省略I helped yesterday.（作宾语）
He is the manwhosehouse is beautiful.（作定语）
2.当先行词为物时，可用关系代词which / that /whose
如：
I like the housewhich thathas new furniture. (作主语）
I like the housewhich that 省略you showed me around yesterday.
I like the housewhosefurniture is new.（作定语）
I like the housethe furniture of whichis new.
小结：关系代词that 可用来修饰人或物，
who / whom只能用于修饰人，
which只能用于修饰物,
whose既可修饰人也可修饰物，但只能用于表所属关系时。
4、that 与 which 的用法区别
1. 只能用 that 作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
（1）当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing （something 除外）, all, none, few, little, some 等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little,few, much等词修饰时。如：
I have write downeverythingthatyou told me just now.
Allthe booksthatare sold in the shop are very interesting.
（2）当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：
The firstmoviethatI watched was the Titanic.
This isthe bestbookthatI have read all my life.
（3）当先行词被 the very, the only, the first / last 等修饰时 (当先行词是人时，也可用 who,whom）如：
The old house isthe onlythingthathe owns.
She isthe onlyforeignerthat whowas invited to the party.
（4）当先行词既有人又有物时。如：
I will never forgetthe persons and thingsthatare important to my life.
（5）当句子以who,which 等疑问词开头时。如：
Whois the manthatis standing in front of the room?
Whichis the roomthatyou live in?
2. 只能用which作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
（1）当关系词前面有介词时，指物常用 which,指人常用whom.
The housein whichwe live is very large.
The housewhich / that 省略we live in is very large.
（2）非限制性定语从句多用 which
He wrote an article,whichtells us about the history.
He succeeded in the competition,whichmade his parents very happy.
5、关系副词引导的定语从句
why = for which (表原因）
where = in/ at/ on/ ... which (表地点)
when = during/ on/ in/ ... which (表时间)
1. where 指地点
（1）Fuzhou is the citywhere (in which)I was born.
Fuzhou is the citywhichI was born in.
（2）The housewhere (in which)I lived five years ago has been pulled down.
2. when指时间
（1）I still remember the daywhen (on which)I first came to the city.
（2）I still remember the days(that which)we spent together in the past.
3. why 指原因
（1）The teacher didn't believe the reasonwhy for whichhe was late.
（2）The teacher didn't believe the reasonwhich thathe explained.
初三定语从句2
一、定义
修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句
二、基本概念
【先行词】：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
【关系词】：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词在定语从句中的作用
连接作用：连接先行词和定语从句。
替代作用：在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。因此当我们要判断关系词在从句中的成分时，只需要把先行词带入从句即可。（因此当关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词应与先行词的.人称和数保持一致）
成分作用:在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。
三、用法
关系代词的用法
who指人，在定语从句中做主语。
What was the name ofthe manwholent you the money?
借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？
在口语或非正式文体中，“who”也可在从句中做宾语。
The musicianwhothey are talking about is very famous.
whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语。
The peoplewhomI work with are all friendly.
和我一起工作的人都很友好。
which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。做宾语时常可省略。
English isa languagewhichis easy to learn.
that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或宾语
The manthatItalked with just now is a doctor.Ilostthe bookthatIbought last week.
whose人、物皆可，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词，先行词和后面的名词之间往往是从属关系。
There are somepeople whose faces you can never forget.有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。
总结
在从句中做定语，先行词是人时用：who,whom, that；先行词是物时：which, that；whose,
注意：只用that的情况
当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little等词时，或当先行词被every, any, all, ome, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。Everything that they said was true.
当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben.
当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。
This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.
当先行词为who或前面有who, which等疑问代词时。
Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?
先行词在定语从句中做表语时。
She is no longer the sweet girl (that) she used to be.
当先行词既有人又有物时。
The driver and his car that fell into the river have not yet been discovered.
关系副词的用法
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where或why。when, where, why分别在定语从句中作状语，在意义上相当于介词+which结构，分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。
when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still rememberthe daywhenI first came to this school.
where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
I recently went back tothe townwhereI was born.
why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
Please tell methereasonwhyyou missed the plane.
初三定语从句3
一、定语从句的概念
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
四、关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如：
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意：(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，whom，that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：
This is the house in which we lived last year.
这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：
This is the person whom you are looking for.
这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：
The city that she lives in is very far away.
她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况：
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词指物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c. 先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：
This is the same bike that I lost.
这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：
Who is the girl that is crying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f. 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：
a. 先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：
What’s that which is under the desk?
在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b. 关系代词前有介词时，which，而不用that.例如：
This is the room in which he lives.
这是他居住的房间。
c. 引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：
Tom came back， which made us happy.
汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
五、关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间，其先行词表示时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如：
This was the time when he arrived.
这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点，其先行词表示地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如：
This is place where he works.
这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因，其先行词是原因，why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如：
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
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